fail2ban-client 可以根据 nginx 日志拉黑
这是我的一些配置
# nginx-sensitive.conf
[Definition]
failregex = <HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*\.env(\?|$) HTTP/.*"
<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*/(_|\.)?env(\?|$) HTTP/.*"
<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*/\.git/(HEAD|config|index|objects|info)[^ ]*(\?|$)? HTTP/.*"
<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*/\.ht(access|passwd)(\?|$) HTTP/.*"
<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*(config\.ya?ml|config\.json)(\?|$) HTTP/.*"
<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*(composer\.(json|lock))(\?|$) HTTP/.*"
<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*wp-config\.php(\?|$) HTTP/.*"
<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*(database|dump)\.sql(\?|$) HTTP/.*"
<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*(backup|db)\.(zip|tar|gz)(\?|$) HTTP/.*"
<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*\.(bak|old|swp|~)(\?|$) HTTP/.*"
# nginx-404.conf
[Definition]
failregex = ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*" 404


# nginx-404.conf
[Definition]
failregex = ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST).*" 404
ignoreregex =root@tx-beijing:/etc/fail2ban/filter.d# cat nginx-bad-request.conf
# Fail2Ban filter to match bad requests to nginx

[Definition]
# The request often doesn't contain a method, only some encoded garbage
# This will also match requests that are entirely empty
failregex = ^<HOST> - \S+ \[\] "[^"]*" 400

datepattern = {^LN-BEG}%%ExY(?P<_sep>[-/.])%%m(?P=_sep)%%d[T ]%%H:%%M:%%S(?:[.,]%%f)?(?:\s*%%z)?
^[^\[]*\[({DATE})
{^LN-BEG}

journalmatch = _SYSTEMD_UNIT=nginx.service + _COMM=nginx


基本规则就是访问敏感文件直接永封，连续 404 或 400 关 7 天